
We compare two alternative methods to account for the sorting of students into academic tracks. Using data from an urban school district, we investigate whether including track indicators or accounting for classroom characteristics in the value-added model is sufficient to eliminate potential bias resulting from the sorting of students into academic tracks.
We find that accounting for two classroom characteristics -- mean classroom achievement and the standard deviation of classroom achievement -- may reduce bias for middle school math teachers, whereas track indicators help for high school reading teachers. However, including both of these measures simultaneously reduces the precision of the value-added estimates in our context. In addition, we find that while these different specifications produce substantially different value-added estimates, they produce small changes in the tails of value-added distribution.
December 1969
Geographic Focus: North America-United States (Southern)-District of Columbia-Washington

Today, there are many new proposals about governance of K-12 Education: The portfolio strategy emphasizes a system of continuous improvement for diverse, autonomous schools governed by performance contracts; devolution models include efforts to expand the role of charter management organizations and other nonprofit providers (Andy Smarick's "Urban School System of the Future," Neerav Kingslad's "Relinquishment"); and school transformation models emphasize the role of third-party support organizations that create K-12 feeder patterns of allied schools (Bill Guenther and Justin Cohen's Mass Insight "Smart Districts" proposal).
Are these really rival proposals as the authors of some are claiming? This idea is misguided; these are complemetns not alternatives.
December 1969
Geographic Focus: North America-United States

Education and Literacy;Parenting and Families
Are parents an untapped resource in improving and reimagining K -- 12 education in Kansas City? What do they think would enhance student learning and what are they willing to do to help their children get the education they deserve? These are among the questions explored in an in-depth survey of 1,566 parents with children now in public school in the Kansas City metropolitan area. This study finds the majority of parents in the Kansas City area ready, willing and able to be more engaged in their children's education at some level. For communities to reap the most benefit from additional parental involvement, it is important to understand that different parents can be involved and seek to be involved in different ways.
The results of this research, detailed in the following pages, show that nearly a third of the region's parents may be ready to take on a greater role in shaping how local schools operate and advocating for reform in K -- 12 education. These parents say they would be very comfortable serving on committees focused on teacher selection and the use of school resources. Their sense of "parental engagement" extends beyond such traditional activities as attending PTA meetings, coaching sports, volunteering for bake sales, chaperoning school trips and seeing that their children are prepared for school each day. Yet, despite their broad interest in a deeper, more substantive involvement in shaping the region's school systems, relatively few of these "potential transformers" have actually participated in policy-oriented activities in the past year.
Moreover, this survey finds that even though the majority of parents seem less inclined to jump into school policy debates, many say they could do more to support local schools in the more traditional school parent roles.
December 1969
Geographic Focus: North America-United States (Midwestern)-Missouri-Platte County;North America-United States (Midwestern)-Missouri-Jackson County-Kansas City;North America-United States (Midwestern)-Missouri-Clay County;North America-United States (Midwestern)-Missouri-Cass County;North America-United States (Midwestern)-Kansas-Wyandotte County-Kansas City

One of a series of guides for school district leaders on optimizing resource allocation, explains how to cut budgets with the least impact on the neediest, shift funds to effective programs and where most needed, and invest stimulus funds in improvements.
December 1969
Geographic Focus: North America-United States

Analyzes trends in high school graduation rates in the nation's fifty largest metropolitan areas, including improvements and the urban-suburban divide. Compares employment, income, and poverty levels by educational attainment in each metropolitan area.
December 1969
Geographic Focus: North America-United States

Education and Literacy;Government Reform
Provides an overview of alternative approaches to governance in urban school districts, including integrated governance, district dissolution, and state receivership. Outlines the benefits, limitations, and implications of mayoral control over districts.
December 1969
Geographic Focus: North America-United States (Midwestern)-Wisconsin-Milwaukee County-Milwaukee;North America-United States;North America-United States (Midwestern)-Wisconsin

Education and Literacy;Human Rights and Civil Liberties;Race and Ethnicity
Examines the rise in school suspensions; their effectiveness; the widening racial/ethnic discipline gap, especially for African-American boys; and the impact of suspensions on academic success and likelihood of incarceration. Makes policy recommendations.
December 1969
Geographic Focus: North America-United States