
Recommends teacher training in culturally relevant and responsive instruction, retention of qualified teachers at high-need schools, consistent criteria for math placement, and making college requirements the default curriculum students must opt out of.
August 1970
Geographic Focus: North America / United States (Western) / California

Compares courses taken, experience, and knowledge of mathematics and pedagogy among future elementary and middle school mathematics teachers in sixteen countries. Explores links to student performance and calls for reforms in certification and curricula.
August 1970
Geographic Focus: Africa (Southern) / Botswana;Asia (Southeastern) / Malaysia;Asia (Southeastern) / Thailand;Eurasia / Russia;Europe (Scandinavia) / Norway;Europe (Western) / Switzerland;North America / United States;Europe (Western) / Germany;Europe (Southern) / Spain;Asia (Southeastern) / Singapore;South America (Southwestern) / Chile;Eurasia / Georgia;Europe (Central) / Poland;Asia (Southeastern) / Philippines;Asia (Southwestern) / Oman;Asia (Eastern) / China / Taiwan

Education and Literacy;International Development;Nonprofits and Philanthropy
Details the investments and impact of a funder collaborative focused on higher education in nine African countries, and each foundation's contribution. Discusses enduring improvements, increased resources, value added, and additional foundation efforts.
August 1970
Geographic Focus: Africa;Africa (Eastern) / Kenya;Africa (Eastern) / Tanzania;Africa (Eastern) / Uganda;Africa (Northern) / Egypt;Africa (Southern) / South Africa;Africa (Western) / Ghana;Africa (Western) / Nigeria;Africa (Southeastern) / Madagascar;Africa (Southeastern) / Mozambique

Provides an overview of state laws enacted to support school leader initiatives in 2008, addressing issues including the roles, responsibilities, and authority of principals; professional development; assessing effectiveness; and governance structures.
August 1970
Geographic Focus: North America-United States

Education and Literacy, Government Reform
Presents findings from a survey on approaches to improving public education, school funding options, budget cuts, and support for higher taxes. Examines concerns about high school dropout rates, student achievement, and teacher quality by race/ethnicity.
August 1970
Geographic Focus: North America-United States (Western)-California

A companion report to Carnegie's Time to Act, focuses on the specific skills and literacy support needed for reading in academic subject areas in higher grades. Outlines strategies for teaching content knowledge and reading strategies together.
August 1970
Geographic Focus: North America-United States

Describes Singapore's use of performance-linked "competencies" and rating scales for each competency, modeled on effective teachers' behaviors, to measure, reward, and develop teacher performance. Considers lessons for U.S. teacher evaluation systems.
August 1970
Geographic Focus: Asia (Southeastern)-Singapore

A companion report to Carnegie's Time to Act, analyzes and rates commonly used reading comprehension tests for various elements and purposes. Outlines trends in types of questions, stress on critical thinking, and screening or diagnostic functions.
August 1970
Geographic Focus: North America-United States