Reservation Era Begins 1850-1878
-
1856
Shingletown Massacre of Yana (California)
White settlers attack and kill 20 Yana women, children, and men, supposedly in reprisal for...Read More
-
1856-1859
Round Valley Settler Massacres of Yuki (California)
White California settlers massacre over 1,000 Yuki tribal members in Round Valley, California, over the...Read More
-
1858
Dakota illegal land seizure and starvation
Dakota Chief Little Crow, worried about the encroaching illegal settlement in Dakota lands by White...Read More
-
1859
English versions of laws trump Hawaiian-language versions
In 1859, the Hawai’i legislature passes a law stating that the English version of any...Read More
-
1859
Pit River Massacre of Achomawi (California)
White settlers attack and massacre over 70 Achomawi Indians, 60 of whom are women and...Read More
-
1859
Chico Creek Massacre of Maidu (California)
White settlers attack and kill a peaceful camp of 40 Maidu tribal members near Chico...Read More
-
1859-1860
Jarboe's “War” (California)
Led by Walter Jarboe, a group of White settlers known as the “Eel River Rangers”...Read More
-
1860
California Native population decimated due to disease brought in by gold miners
Disease and violence, brought in by gold miners, decimate the Native population of California, which...Read More
-
1860
Dine’ attack Fort Defiance
Fed up with settler atrocities, more than 1,000 Dine’ attack Fort Defiance. Although they are...Read More
-
1860
Yuki Massacre at Bloody Rock (California)
A group of White settlers surround and then proceed to massacre 65 Yuki Indians at...Read More
-
1860
Wiyot Indian Island Massacre (California)
White settlers commit three back-to-back attacks on the Wiyot in California, killing between 80 and...Read More
-
1860
Massacre at Comanche village at Pease River (Texas)
Under the command of Captain Sul Ross, Texas Rangers kill at least 14 unarmed Comanche...Read More
-
1861
U.S. Civil War Begins
-
1861-1900
Apache resistance
Apache fighters take advantage of the U.S. military distractions with the Civil War and begin...Read More
-
1861
Horse Canyon Massacre at a Wailaki village (California)
White settlers, aided by Native allies, attack and massacre over 240 Wailaki villagers in Horse...Read More
-
1861
Fort Fauntleroy Massacre of Dine’ (New Mexico)
U.S. soldiers massacre 12‒20 Dine’ over a dispute regarding a horse race (“List of Indian...Read More
-
1862
“Sioux uprising” commences after treaty violations, land grabs, and famine
The Santee Dakota face starvation as their food rations are held hostage in a U.S.-guarded...Read More
-
1862
Kickapoo attempt to flee to Mexico
After enduring corruption and the withholding of their rations, approximately 1,000 Kickapoo flee for Mexico,...Read More
-
1862
President Lincoln orders largest mass execution in the U.S. on order of the President: Hanging of the Dakota 38
The U.S. military promises the Dakota that if they surrender peacefully, they will be granted...Read More
-
1862
Army Medical Museum calls for Indian heads, bodies, and other remains
On May 21, 1862, Surgeon General William A. Hammond establishes the Army Medical Museum and...Read More
-
1862
Upper Station massacre of the Wailaki (California)
Over 20 Wailaki Indians are murdered in Round Valley, California, by White settlers (“List of...Read More
-
1862
Big Antelope Creek Massacre of Yana tribe (California)
Indian hunter Hi Good, aided by White settlers, launches a pre-dawn attack on a Yana...Read More
-
1862
Konkow Massacre (California)
Twenty-five California settlers launch an attack and kill 45 Konkow tribal members on their reservation...Read More
-
1862
Massacre of Mescalero Apache at Gallinas Springs (New Mexico)
U.S. soldiers shoot and kill an elder Mescalero leader who approached them with a sign...Read More
-
1863
Bounties for scalps
The Adjutant General of Minnesota, Oscar Malmros, issues an order for the establishment of volunteer...Read More
-
1863
Chief Little Crow is murdered and his remains are desecrated
As Chief Little Crow and his son gather berries, Little Crow is shot and killed...Read More
-
1863
The Nimiipu (Nez Perce) “Thief Treaty”
The illegal treaty with the Nimiipu (Nez Perce) ceded six million acres of Nez Perce...Read More
-
1863
Bear River Massacre of over 280‒400 Shoshone (Idaho)
Over a hundred Shoshone women, children, and men are massacred in their village by Colonel...Read More
-
1863
Keyesville Massacre of Tubatulabal (California)
California volunteers and militiamen under command of Captain Moses A. McLaughlin murder 35 Tubatulabal men...Read More
-
1864-1868
Navajo (Dine’) “Longest Walk” and imprisonment at Bosque Redondo
On January 8,1864, 500 to 10,000 Dine’ are forcibly removed from their homes in Arizona...Read More