Invasion from All Directions—Stolen Lands, Stolen Peoples 1600-1699
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1600
Spanish target Apaches, Dine', Utes for slave trade
The Spanish kidnap and sell Apaches, Dine’ (Navajos), and Utes into slavery. Spanish governors also...Read More
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1600
Juan de Onate colonizes Pueblos (New Mexico)
The pueblos are occupied and forced into the Spanish encomienda system, where the labor of...Read More
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1600+
International American Indian slave trade in 13 colonies ignites
Demand for labor in the West Indies grows with the cultivation of sugar cane. Europeans...Read More
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1601
Tompiro Pueblo Massacre (New Mexico)
Spanish troops destroy three Indian villages and 900 Tompiro Pueblo people in the Sandia Mountains...Read More
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1607
Colony of Virginia is established
The Virginia Colony is established under the corporate charter of the Virginia Company of London...Read More
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1607
Powhatan assist English settlers in Jamestown during their first winter
Chief Wahunsonacock (Powhatan) of the Powhatan confederacy, and his people, bring gifts of fish, wild...Read More
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1608
Jamestown settlers demand from Powhatan annual tribute of corn
John Smith orders the Powhatan to submit to the English Crown and provide settlers with...Read More
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1609
Jamestown settlers drive Powhatan off their lands and enslave them
War breaks out between the Powhatan and the Virginia colonists as they steal land, pillage...Read More
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1609+
Spanish Crown uses slave labor to develop missions
The Spanish monarchy use slave labor and forced conversion to Christianity in their development of...Read More
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1610
Paspahegh Massacre
Paspahegh Massacre. Virginia’s Lord De la Warr sends 70 colonists to attack the Paspahegh Indians...Read More
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1613
English kidnap Pocahontas, daughter of Chief Wahunsonacock
They offer to ransom her for all the English prisoners held by the Powhatan. The...Read More
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1614
Slave ships and plague epidemic
Captain Thomas Hunt captures 20 Patuxets and 7 Nausets, selling them as slaves to Spain....Read More
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1614
Tisquantum (Squanto), a Patuxet Indian, is kidnapped and enslaved
Squanto is 1 of 24 Indians kidnapped by the English and taken to Spain for...Read More
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1614-1621
Pilgrims rob graves and pillage villages
The Pilgrims had learned that Native people bury their dead with stores of corn and...Read More
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1616-1619
Yellow fever and smallpox (New England)
Yellow fever kills two-thirds of the Wampanoag and smallpox ravages other tribes in New England....Read More
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1618
Chief Powhatan dies
His death ignites nearly two decades of fighting between Powhatans and English colonists, ending in...Read More
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1619
Jamestown colonists start Indian school
English colonists start a school to convert Indian children to Christianity (Nies, 1996).
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1622-1646
Powhatan rebel against Virginia colonists
The Powhatan Confederacy and allied Indians burn the Jamestown settlement to the ground in what...Read More
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1622
Powhatan resistance as justification for genocide
John Smith notes that the uprising provides a great rationale for complete extermination of Native...Read More
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1622
Royal British Virginia Company orders extermination of all Powhatan
The Royal British Virginia Company orders all colonists to exterminate all Powhatan and prohibit any...Read More
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1623
Wessagusset Massacre (Massachusetts).
Under false peaceful pretenses, several chiefs and villagers are invited to Wessagusset to meet with...Read More
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1623
Pamunkey Peace Talk Massacre
At the Pamunkey “Peace Talks,” Virginia colonists secretly poison wine, which kills Powhatan leaders and...Read More
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1624
Dutch West India Company establishes colony of New Amsterdam (New York)
The Dutch West India Company establishes New Amsterdam, at first for fur/pelt trade and later...Read More
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1626
Kalinago genocide of Carib Indians
English and French settlers invite Carib Indians to a gathering, where they serve alcohol and...Read More
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1627
Carib slaves brought to Jamestown
As part of triangle trade slave labor, the English import Carib Indigenous slaves into Jamestown...Read More
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1628
Massachusetts Bay Colony is established
In 1627, the Council for New England issues a land grant to a new group...Read More
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1630
Puritans invade and displace Wampanoag (Massachusetts)
English Puritans arrive by the thousands and invade the area now known as Massachusetts, displacing...Read More
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1632
English colonists violate truce (Virginia)
Although a truce is reached between Pamunkey and Chickahominy Indians in Virginia and English colonists,...Read More
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1633
Maryland Colony established
In 1629, George Calvert, 1st Lord Baltimore, driven by “the sacred duty of finding a...Read More
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1633
Zuni revolt against the Spanish
Zuni revolt against Spanish slavery and mission system, killing all of the Spanish soldiers and...Read More