Strategic Alliances and Trail of Broken Treaties 1700-1799
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1700
Virginia Native peoples succumb to smallpox.
In less than 100 years, by 1700, more than 75 percent of the Native peoples...Read More
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1704
Apalachee Massacre (Florida)
Former Carolina governor James Moore, his colonial militia, and allied Muscogee forces launch a series...Read More
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1708
English enslave 10-12,000 Yamasee Indians
In the Carolinas, English traders kidnap and enslave Yamasee Indians, who have already been missionized,...Read More
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1711-1715
English traders enslave Indians through fiscal debt
During the period known as the “Tuscarora wars,” the Tuscarora resist English slave traders, who...Read More
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1712
Tuscarora Massacre at Fort Narhantes (North Carolina)
The North Carolina militia and their Indian allies attack the Southern Tuscarora at Fort Narhantes...Read More
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1712
Mesquaki (Fox) Indian Massacre (Michigan)
French troops with Indian allies kill around 1,000 Fox Indian men, women, and children in...Read More
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1712
Tuscarora Massacre at Fort Neoheroka (South Carolina)
Colonel James Moore, his militia volunteers, and Indian allies attack the main stronghold of the...Read More
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1715
Yamasee and Muscogee (Creek) resist English slave traders
The Yamasee of Georgia ally with the Muscogee Nation to revolt against British slavers to...Read More
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1724
Abenaki Norridgewock Massacre (Maine)
Two hundred colonial rangers attack the Abenaki village of Norridgewock to kill Father Sebastian Rale,...Read More
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1724-1729
Natchez revolt against the French on lower Mississippi River
The Natchez resist French attempts to tax and confiscate Natchez lands, leading to a series...Read More
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1725
Peter the Great colonizes Alaska
The emperor of Russia sends Vitus Bering to Alaska’s coast for colonization. The Russians are...Read More
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1730
Chawasha Massacre (Louisiana)
Governor Perrier orders 80 Black slaves to attack the village of the Chawasha (Chaouacha/Chitimacha) Indians....Read More
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1730
French massacre Mesquaki (Fox) Indians
As the Mesquaki migrate eastward seeking refuge among the Seneca, they are attacked by an...Read More
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1737
“Walking Purchase” ends in confiscation of Lenape (Delaware) lands
English colonists “discover” a treaty (never seen or verified) with three Lenape chiefs, ceding lands...Read More
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1745
Munsee Massacre at Walden (New York)
British colonists and vigilantes massacre several peaceful Munsee families near Walden, New York (“List of...Read More
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1745
Russians enslave Unangan (Aleut)
Russian colonizers attack Unangan women and take them and their children hostage, demanding that the...Read More
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1747
Chama River Massacre of Utes (New Mexico)
Spanish troops massacre 111 Ute Indians and take 206 Ute as captives (“List of Indian...Read More
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1759
Russian fur trade expands in Aleutian Islands
On Umnak and Unalaska, two islands off southwestern Alaska, the Russian merchant Stepan Glotov begins...Read More
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1763
Massacre of Susquehannock and last members of the Conestoga Tribe (Pennsylvania)
In response to Pontiac’s rebellion, Pennsylvania colonists led by the Paxton Boys massacre 20 peaceful...Read More
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1763
Germ warfare documented in letters
During the French and Indian War, Jeffery Amherst, Britain's commander in chief in North America,...Read More
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1763
Germ warfare with smallpox-infested blankets
Militia Captain William Trent notes on June 24, 1763, that dignitaries from the Delaware tribe...Read More
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1766
Armed Russian fur traders massacre Unangan (Aleut)
Russian trader Ivan Solovief arms his workers to murder Unangan (Aleut) men, women, and children...Read More
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1769
Spanish establish missions in California
Beginning in 1769, the Spanish build 21 missions in California with Indigenous slave labor. They...Read More
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1774
Spanish massacre Comanche at Spanish Peaks (New Mexico)
Spanish troops massacre nearly 300 Comanche Indians (men, women, and children) and take 100 captives...Read More
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1781
Spanish steal Chumash Indian lands (California)
Spanish soldiers are “awarded” stolen land from California Indians for their service to the Spanish...Read More
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1782
Gnadenhutten Massacre of Lenape (Ohio)
Pennsylvania militiamen massacre and scalp over 100 non-combatant Christian Lenape, mostly women and children.
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1783
End of Revolutionary War; illegal seizure of Native lands
The revolutionary war ends with the Treaty of Paris, and Americans seize lands of the...Read More
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1784
Massacre at Refuge Rock, Awa’uq (Alaska)
More than 1,000 Sugpiaq men, women, and children hide on a small rocky outcrop off...Read More
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1786-1792
Shelikhov launches a campaign to conquer Alaska Natives
Shelikhov confiscates land and establishes forts and permanent settlements on Kodiak Island. He enslaves Aleuts...Read More
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1786
Unangan families enslaved, forced to relocate
Russian fur trader Gavriil Prilbylov forces Unangan hunters to hunt northern fur seals off remote...Read More