Strategic Alliances and Trail of Broken Treaties 1700-1799
Viewing Settler Colonial Policy Events OnlyClear
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1700+
Slave trade is primary economic activity
By the early 18th century, the Indian slave trade is the colonies’ primary economic activity,...Read More
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1705
Blood quantum laws support chattel slavery and stealing of lands
The Virginia Colony is the first to adopt “race” (blood quantum) laws that limits the...Read More
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1722-1725
Massachusetts puts scalping bounty on Native families
The Massachusetts Bay Colony calls for Native scalps during Father Rale’s War (also called the...Read More
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1724
New Hampshire authorizes scalp hunting
The New Hampshire colony pays 100 pounds for each male scalp, 50 pounds for a...Read More
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1740
South Carolina slave codes
The 1740 slave codes of South Carolina serve to blur the distinction between African, American...Read More
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1749
Alcohol as tool of genocide
Benjamin Franklin writes in his autobiography, “And, indeed, if it be the design of Providence...Read More
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1756
Canada issues resolution calling for scalping of MicMac Indians
Governor Charles Lawrence’s proclamation says: “And, we do hereby promise, by and with the consent...Read More
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1763
French and Indian War ends; Britain claims Native lands
England and France end the French and Indian War (also called the Seven Years’ War,...Read More
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1775
Colonies declare war on Britain
Enslavement of American Indians continues throughout the Revolutionary War and within the colonies.
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1776-1779
Thomas Jefferson promotes Indian removal
Jefferson recommends the forced relocation of Cherokee and Shawnee tribes to lands west of the...Read More
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1777
Continental Congress approves Articles of Confederation
A governing body of 13 delegate states, the Continental Congress approves the Articles of Confederation,...Read More
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1778
U.S. treaty period with Native tribes begins
“One of the most significant acts by those colonies was the decision to negotiate an...Read More
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1783
End of Revolutionary War; illegal seizure of Native lands
The revolutionary war ends with the Treaty of Paris, and Americans seize lands of the...Read More
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1787
George Washington proposed treaties as basis for conducting Indian relations
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1787
U.S. Constitution identifies Indian tribes as sovereign nations
Article 1, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution grants Congress the power to regulate commerce...Read More
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1789
George Washington is elected president
George Washington is elected first president. Members of the Iroquois Confederacy call the first U.S....Read More
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1789
Congress places Indian Affairs under the newly formed War Department
Following the Revolutionary War, the U.S. Congress insists that Americans hold possession of all territory...Read More
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1790
Congress prohibits land seizure and restricts trade
Congress passes the Indian Trade and Intercourse Act, establishing federal oversight of Indian land and...Read More
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1790
U.S. initiates the "Civilization Campaign"
The Treaty of New York restores some Muscogee lands ceded in the treaties with Georgia...Read More
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1793
Congress creates Legion of the United States
The Legion of the United States is a federal army to subdue Indians of the...Read More
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1796
Civilization campaign continues
George Washington initiates treaties and seeks audiences with tribal leaders, recommending they “settle down and...Read More
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1799
Russification campaign and creation of a Creole class
The Russian-American Company (RAC) is officially formed and serves as the vehicle for colonization, Christianization,...Read More
