Reservation Era Begins 1850-1878
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1850
Mormons massacre Timpanogos (Utah)
Governor Brigham Young issued an order to exterminate the Timpanogos in Utah Valley. The Mormon...Read More
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1850
Bloody Island Massacre of Pomo Indians (California)
The military and California settlers believed the Pomo had killed two Clear Lake settlers who...Read More
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1850s-1890s
Scalp bounty extermination laws create class of Indian hunters
Chihuahua’s Ley Quinto scalp bounties set a price of $150 for live women and children,...Read More
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1851
Fort Defiance built to control Dine’ Indians
Fort Defiance is established to control Dine’, who are considered one of the “wild tribes.”...Read More
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1851
Tehama Massacre (California)
In Tehama county, California, local militia and U.S. military attack and raze California Native villages...Read More
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1851
“Mariposa War” (California)
With the invasion of miners and laws supporting indentured servitude, many miners enslave Native people,...Read More
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1851
California’s first elected governor promotes genocide
Peter Hardeman Burnett, in a second state of address, says, “That a war of extermination...Read More
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1851
Wintu Massacre (California)
Miners burn down the Wintu tribal council meeting house and massacre 300 Wintu Indians near...Read More
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1852
Hynes Bay Massacre of Karankawa (Texas)
Texas militiamen attack a Karankawa village and murder 45 out of 50 villagers (“List of...Read More
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1852
Bridge Gulch Massacre of Wintu (California)
Sheriff William H. Dixon and his posse of 70 American settlers massacre more than 150...Read More
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1852
Wright Massacre of Modoc (California)
Indian hunter Ben Wright, aided by American settlers, massacres 41 Modoc Indians during a peace...Read More
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1853
Howonquet, Yontoket, Achulet Massacres of Tolowa (California)
California settlers massacre 70 Tolowa Indians and burn down the Tolowa village of Howonquet. A...Read More
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1853
"Ox" Massacre (California)
U.S. military attack and massacre tribal people from the Four Creeks area of Tulare County,...Read More
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1854
Treaty of Medicine Creek
Pacific Northwest tribes cede farming land in exchange for fishing rights in perpetuity. Chief Leschi...Read More
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1854
Nasomah Tribe Massacre (Oregon)
A posse of 40 White settlers massacre 16 Nasomah tribal members while they sleep at...Read More
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1854
Chetco Village River Massacre (Oregon)
Nine American settlers approach the Chetco Indian village on the Chetco River in Oregon as...Read More
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1854
Asbill Sauk and Fox Massacre (Missouri)
More than forty unsuspecting Sauk tribal members are viciously attacked by six white settlers in...Read More
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1855
Lupton Massacre (Oregon)
While a peaceful village near Upper Table Rock, Oregon sleeps, American settlers and miners launch...Read More
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1855
Tututni and Takelma Massacre on Little Butte Creek (Oregon)
A posse of Oregon settlers launch an attack at dawn on Tututni and Takelma Natives,...Read More
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1855
Harney Massacre of Dakota (Nebraska)
Brigadier General William S. Harney and his troops massacre Dakota at Blue Water Creek in...Read More
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1856
Shingletown Massacre of Yana (California)
White settlers attack and kill 20 Yana women, children, and men, supposedly in reprisal for...Read More
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1856-1859
Round Valley Settler Massacres of Yuki (California)
White California settlers massacre over 1,000 Yuki tribal members in Round Valley, California, over the...Read More
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1856
Grande Ronde River Valley Massacre of Cayuse and Walla Walla (Oregon)
Colonel Benjamin Shaw and his Washington volunteer army massacre 60 Cayuse and Walla Walla tribal...Read More
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1858
Dakota illegal land seizure and starvation
Dakota Chief Little Crow, worried about the encroaching illegal settlement in Dakota lands by White...Read More
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1859
English versions of laws trump Hawaiian-language versions
In 1859, the Hawai’i legislature passes a law stating that the English version of any...Read More
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1859
Pit River Massacre of Achomawi (California)
White settlers attack and massacre over 70 Achomawi Indians, 60 of whom are women and...Read More
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1859
Chico Creek Massacre of Maidu (California)
White settlers attack and kill a peaceful camp of 40 Maidu tribal members near Chico...Read More
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1859-1860
Jarboe's “War” (California)
Led by Walter Jarboe, a group of White settlers known as the “Eel River Rangers”...Read More
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1860
California Native population decimated due to disease brought in by gold miners
Disease and violence, brought in by gold miners, decimate the Native population of California, which...Read More
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1860
Yuki Massacre at Bloody Rock (California)
A group of White settlers surround and then proceed to massacre 65 Yuki Indians at...Read More