Epidemics, Slavery, Massacres, and Indigenous Resistance 1492-1599
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1492
Columbus makes landfall
Columbus makes landfall on Guanahani (Caribbean name; Columbus names it San Salvador) in the Caribbean...Read More
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1493
Spanish colonizers enslave the Taino
In Haiti and the Dominican Republic (which they name Hispaniola), Spanish colonists force Taino people...Read More
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1493+
Disease decimates island populations
Post-Columbus contact, measles, smallpox, scarlet fever, and other diseases kill Natives by the hundreds of...Read More
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1493
Spanish monarchy supports Columbus’ second voyage for gold and slaves
Queen Isabella and the King of Spain agree to supply Columbus with 17 ships, 1,200...Read More
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1495
Columbus enslaves the Arawak and commits genocide
Columbus and his men round up Arawak men, women, and children and enclose 550 of...Read More
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1500+
Arawak resistance and mass suicides
Facing extermination, the Arawak organize and attempt to fight back against the Spaniards. Overwhelmed by...Read More
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1500+
Native slave trade specifically targets women and children
In contrast to the African slave trade, which consisted mostly of adult males, Indian enslavement...Read More
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1500-1501
Inuit of Greenland are kidnapped for the Lisbon slave market
Portuguese invader Gaspar Corte-Real abducts 50 Inuit of the northeast Atlantic Coast and takes them...Read More
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1501-1503
English fishermen launch a slave trade business
Off the cost of Maine, English fishermen abduct Abenaki and Passamaquoddy Indians for slave markets....Read More
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1508-1511
Genocide in the West Indies
The Caribbean population of the Lesser Antilles is mostly exterminated (Nies, 1996).
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1519+
"Virgin-soil" epidemics devastate and depopulate Native communities
European-induced epidemics ravage Native tribes in Florida, the Carolinas, and Virginia, including smallpox, bubonic plague,...Read More
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1539
Spain wages war against southeastern Native peoples
The Spanish launch a four-year military campaign under de Soto to secure slaves and maraud...Read More
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1539
Napituca Massacre
De Soto, after defeating Timucuan warriors at the village of Napituca, conducts a mass execution....Read More
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1540
Mabila Massacre
When de Soto arrives at Atahachi’s village plaza, he is greeted by Choctaw Chief Tuscaloosa...Read More
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1541-1542
Tiguex Massacres (New Mexico)
Spaniards seize the land, houses, food, and clothing of the Tiguex villagers and rape their...Read More
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1564
Disease nearly annihilates the Timucua
An unidentified disease sweeps through the barrier islands, Georgia, and Florida, nearly annihilating the Timucua....Read More
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1566
Calusa refuse forced conversion to Christianity (southwest Florida)
Already weakened by disease, the Calusa allow a Jesuit missionary into their territory but refuse...Read More
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1590
Spain establishes colony at Ohkay Owingeh Pueblo
Spanish forces under colonial governor Juan de Onate march north from Mexico. The Apaches and...Read More
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1599
Acoma Pueblo Massacre
New Mexico governor Juan de Onate is determined to consolidate his rule in New Mexico...Read More