Invasion from All Directions—Stolen Lands, Stolen Peoples 1600-1699

1697

“Mother” of American tradition of scalp hunting

"Hannah Duston Killing the Indians" (1847) Image: Junius Brutus Stearns

Allegedly, Hannah Duston, a Massachusetts colonist and Puritan, is taken captive by Abenakis during the Raid on Haverhill, in which 27 colonists are killed. Indians capture Hannah, her nurse, Mary Neff, and a 14-year-old boy named Samuel. While in captivity, Hannah leads Mary and Samuel in a revolt, using a hatchet to scalp 10 of her captors (two adult men, two women, and their six children) while they are sleeping. They escape by canoe. Since wives have no legal status, Hannah's husband, Thomas Duston, petitions the legislature of the Massachusetts Bay Colony for a scalp bounty. On June 16, they are awarded 50 pounds for the 10 scalps (25 pounds are awarded to Hannah and 25 are split between Mary and Samuel). Cotton Mather, who interviews Hannah upon her return, writes of the events in 1702 in "Magnalia Christi Americana: The Ecclesiastical History of New England." Duston becomes a legend, and her narrative becomes the justification for guilt-free scalping of Native peoples, particularly by local people, for generations to come. She is the first woman memorialized in a statue in what is now the United States.