Invasion from All Directions—Stolen Lands, Stolen Peoples 1600-1699

1641

Laws support scalping and raping and enslaving Native women

Portrait of William Kieft
Portrait of William Kieft

The Dutch governor of Manhattan, Willem Kieft, offers the first bounty in North America for Indian scalps in 1641, just 21 years after the Puritans land at Plymouth Rock. The Massachusetts Bay Colony offers a bounty of $60 per Indian scalp and money for every Native prisoner sold into slavery. The governors of the colonies institute scalping as a method for one Indian tribe to eliminate another tribe, and to have colonists eliminate as many Indians as possible. Colonial men are allowed to rape and enslave any Native woman or child. Moreover, colonial law gives permission to “kill savage Indians on sight at will” (Oxendine, 2019). In an article for “The American Historical Review” in 2015, Benjamin Madley writes, “Policymakers offered bounties for Native American heads or scalps in at least twenty-three states of their colonial, territorial, or Mexican antecedents.” (https://newsmaven.io/indiancountrytoday/archive/scalping-in-america-AvU3W-1ae0W3AjR4BHCvEg)

Settler Colonial Policy