Indian Removal Era Begins 1828-1849

1835

First permanent sugar plantation established in Hawaii

William Hooper
William Hooper

In Kaua’i, William Hooper leases 980 acres of land from Kamehameha III. Within less than 30 years, sugarcane plantations operate across four main islands, altering Hawai’i’s economy, creating a class of non-Hawaiian settlers, and giving enormous wealth and power to plantation owners (Hixson, 2013).

Traumatic Event