The map of Indian Territory is entirely reconstructed after the Civil War, leaving little resemblance to territorial maps from the days before the war. Commissioner Cooley informs the Indian leaders that they had given up their annuities and lands by siding with the Confederacy, even though four of the five tribes had more warriors supporting the Union. The U.S. government justifies their stealing of the lands in Indian Territory as just punishment for the tribes for “supporting” the Confederacy when they signed a treaty with the southern faction. Most of the tribes note that they had signed the treaty under duress, as the Union had failed to support them when they were surrounded by Confederate armies. As punishment, all five tribes are forced to cede the western half of Indian Territory and agree to the construction of two railroads across Indian Territory, one north-south and one east-west. The Cherokee, Muscogee, and Seminole are forced to provide citizenship to former slaves and the Choctaw and Chickasaw have the option to adopt the freedmen or provide for their removal from their territory. The Choctaw adopt the freed slaves, but the Chickasaw do not. (http://oklahomauniquelyamerican.com/materials/Book%20PDF/Chapter%2006.pdf)